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Robert Clarke, PhD, DSc

Robert Clarke, PhD, DSc is an internationally recognized leader in breast cancer research. Dr. Clarke is the Dean for Research and Professor of Oncology at Georgetown University Medical Center. His research interests include understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving antiestrogen resistance and hormone independence in breast cancer.

He also is interested in drug resistance (cytotoxic, endocrine), drug/hormone interactions, and the application of molecular profiling (e.g., transcriptome, proteome, tissue array analyses) to predict breast cancer phenotypes and identify functionally relevant gene signaling networks. As an expert in cancer systems biology, Dr. Clarke leads several multinational molecular medicine studies in breast cancer, in collaboration with colleagues at the Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Virginia Tech, and the University of Edinburgh, Scotland. He has served as chair of peer-review study sections for NIH and the Department of Defense, and currently serves on the editorial boards of over a dozen international peer review journals. Dr. Clarke is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine, and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Biology in the U.K.

Selected Publications

Xiyuan Zhang, Katherine L. Cook, Anni Warri, Idalia M. Cruz, Mariana Rosim, Jeffrey Riskin, William Helferich, Daniel Doerge, Robert Clarke And Leena Hilakivi-clarke. “Lifetime Genistein Intake Increases The Response Of Mammary Tumors To Tamoxifen In Rats.” Clinical Cancer Research, 23, 3 (February 1, 2017): 814-824. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-16-1735.
Xu Shi, Sharmi Banerjee, Li Chen, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Robert Clarke And Jianhua Xuan. “Cynetsvm: A Cytoscape App For Cancer Biomarker Identification Using Network Constrained Support Vector Machines.” Plos One, 12, 1 (January 25, 2017): e0170482. 10.1371/journal.pone.0170482.
Xiao Wang, Jinghua Gu, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Robert Clarke And Jianhua Xuan. “Dm-bld: Differential Methylation Detection Using A Hierarchical Bayesian Model Exploiting Local Dependency.” Bioinformatics, 33, 2 (January 15, 2017): 161-168. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw596.
Xiao Wang, Jinghua Gu, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Robert Clarke And Jianhua Xuan. “Dm-bld: Differential Methylation Detection Using A Hierarchical Bayesian Model Exploiting Local Dependency.” Bioinformatics, 33, 2 (January 15, 2017): 161-168. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btw596.
Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Anni Wärri, Kerrie B. Bouker, Xiyuan Zhang, Katherine L. Cook, Lu Jin, Alan Zwart, Nguyen Nguyen, Rong Hu, M. Idalia Cruz, Sonia De Assis, Xiao Wang, Jason Xuan, Yue Wang, Bryan Wehrenberg And Robert Clarke. “Effects Of In Utero Exposure To Ethinyl Estradiol On Tamoxifen Resistance And Breast Cancer Recurrence In A Preclinical Model.” Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, 109, 1 (January 2017): djw188. 10.1093/jnci/djw188.
Xi Chen, Xu Shi, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Ayesha N. Shajahan-haq, Robert Clarke And Jianhua Xuan. “Pssv: A Novel Pattern-based Probabilistic Approach For Somatic Structural Variation Identification.” Bioinformatics, 33, 2 (January 15, 2017): 177-183. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btw605.
Krithika Bhuvaneshwar, Anas Belouali, Varun Singh, Robert M. Johnson, Lei Song, Adil Alaoui, Michael A. Harris, Robert Clarke, Louis M. Weiner, Yuriy Gusev And Subha Madhavan. “G-doc Plus – An Integrative Bioinformatics Platform For Precision Medicine.” Bmc Bioinformatics, 17, 1 (December 2016): 10.1186/s12859-016-1010-0.
Katherine L. Cook, David R. Soto-pantoja, Pamela A.g. Clarke, M. Idalia Cruz, Alan Zwart, Anni Wärri, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, David D. Roberts And Robert Clarke. “Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Protein Grp78 Modulates Lipid Metabolism To Control Drug Sensitivity And Antitumor Immunity In Breast Cancer.” Cancer Research, 76, 19 (October 1, 2016): 5657-5670. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-15-2616.
Allison Sumis, Katherine L Cook, Fabia O Andrade, Rong Hu, Emma Kidney, Xiyuan Zhang, Dominic Kim, Elissa Carney, Nguyen Nguyen, Wei Yu, Kerrie B Bouker, Idalia Cruz, Robert Clarke And Leena Hilakivi-clarke. “Social Isolation Induces Autophagy In The Mouse Mammary Gland: Link To Increased Mammary Cancer Risk.” Endocrine-related Cancer, 23, 10(October 2016): 839-856. 10.1530/ERC-16-0359.
Y. Ma, A. Preet, Y. Tomita, E. Oliveira, R. Clarke, M. Brown & E. Rosen. “A New Class Of Small Molecule Estrogen Receptor-alpha Antagonists That Overcome Anti-estrogen Resistance.”Oncotarget, 6 (November 29, 2015): 40388–40404. https://dx.doi.org/10.18632%2Foncotarget.6323.
Isamu Sakabe, Rong Hu, Lu Jin, Robert Clarke And Usha N. Kasid. “TMEM33: A New Stress-inducible Endoplasmic Reticulum Transmembrane Protein And Modulator Of The Unfolded Protein Response Signaling.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 153, 2 (September 2015): 285-297. 10.1007/s10549-015-3536-7.
Katherine L. Cook And Robert Clarke. “Abstract 1257: In Vivo Inhibition Of Grp78 Potentiates Antiestrogen Therapy Effectiveness In Er+ Breast Tumors.” Cancer Research, 75, 15 Supplement (August 1, 2015): 1257-1257. 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-1257.
Katherine L Cook And Robert Clarke. “Overcoming Cancer Resistance.” Future Medicinal Chemistry, 7, 12 (August 2015): 1471-1471. https://doi.org/10.4155/fmc.15.113.
Katherine L Cook And Robert Clarke. “Role Of Grp78 In Promoting Therapeutic-resistant Breast Cancer.” Future Medicinal Chemistry, 7, 12 (August 2015): 1529-1534.10.4155/FMC.15.80.
Xu Shi, Robert O. Barnes, Li Chen, Ayesha N. Shajahan-haq, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Robert Clarke, Yue Wang And Jianhua Xuan. “Bmrf-net: A Software Tool For Identification Of Protein Interaction Subnetworks By A Bagging Markov Random Field-based Method: Fig. 1..” Bioinformatics, 31, 14 (July 15, 2015): 2412-2414. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv137.
G Rajapaksa, F Nikolos, I Bado, R Clarke, J-å Gustafsson And C Thomas. “Er? Decreases Breast Cancer Cell Survival By Regulating The Ire1/xbp-1 Pathway.” Oncogene, 34, 31 (July 30, 2015): 4130-4141. 10.1038/onc.2014.343.
Kathryn Sandberg, Jason G. Umans And the Georgetown Consensus Conference Work Group. “Recommendations Concerning The New U.s. National Institutes Of Health Initiative To Balance The Sex Of Cells And Animals In Preclinical Research.” The Faseb Journal, 29, 5 (May 2015): 1646-1652. 10.1096/fj.14-269548.
I Tavassoly, J Parmar, An Shajahan-haq, R Clarke, Wt Baumann And Jj Tyson. “Dynamic Modeling Of The Interaction Between Autophagy And Apoptosis In Mammalian Cells.” Cpt: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology, 4, 4 (April 2015): 263-272. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fpsp4.29.
Surojeet Sengupta, Michael C. Biarnes, Robert Clarke And V. Craig Jordan. “Inhibition Of Bet Proteins Impairs Estrogen-mediated Growth And Transcription In Breast Cancers By Pausing Rna Polymerase Advancement.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 150, 2 (April 2015): 265-278. 10.1007/s10549-015-3319-1.
Anh Thu Tran, Malathi Ramalinga, Habib Kedir, Robert Clarke And Deepak Kumar. “Autophagy Inhibitor 3-methyladenine Potentiates Apoptosis Induced By Dietary Tocotrienols In Breast Cancer Cells.” European Journal Of Nutrition, 54, 2 (March 2015): 265-272. 10.1007/s00394-014-0707-y.
J. L. Schwartz-roberts, K. L. Cook, C. Chen, A. N. Shajahan-haq, M. Axelrod, A. Warri, R. B. Riggins, L. Jin, B. R. Haddad, B. V. Kallakury, W. T. Baumann And R. Clarke. “Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 Signaling Regulates The Switch Between Autophagy And Apoptosis To Determine Breast Cancer Cell Fate.” Cancer Research, 75, 6 (March 15, 2015): 1046-1055.10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-1851.
Ayesha Shajahan-haq, Mehar Cheema And Robert Clarke. “Application Of Metabolomics In Drug Resistant Breast Cancer Research.” Metabolites, 5, 1 (February 16, 2015): 100-118.http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo5010100.
Rong Hu, Leena Hilakivi-clarke And Robert Clarke. “Molecular Mechanisms Of Tamoxifen-associated Endometrial Cancer (review).” Oncology Letters, 9 (February 12, 2015): 1495-1501.https://dx.doi.org/10.3892%2Fol.2015.2962.
Sarah A. Dabydeen, Keunsoo Kang, Edgar S. Díaz-cruz, Ahmad Alamri, Margaret L. Axelrod, Kerrie B. Bouker, Rawan Al-kharboosh, Robert Clarke, Lothar Hennighausen And Priscilla A. Furth. “Comparison Of Tamoxifen And Letrozole Response In Mammary Preneoplasia Of Er And Aromatase Overexpressing Mice Defines An Immune-associated Gene Signature Linked To Tamoxifen Resistance.” Carcinogenesis, 36, 1 (January 2015): 122-132. 10.1093/carcin/bgu237.

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Ye Tian, Bai Zhang, Eric P. Hoffman, Robert Clarke, Zhen Zhang, Ie-ming Shih, Jianhua Xuan, David M. Herrington And Yue Wang. “Kddn: An Open-source Cytoscape App For Constructing Differential Dependency Networks With Significant Rewiring.” Bioinformatics, 31, 2 (January 15, 2015): 287-289. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu632.
Rong Hu, Anni Warri, Lu Jin, Alan Zwart, Rebecca B. Riggins, Hong-bin Fang And Robert Clarke. “Nf-?b Signaling Is Required For Xbp1 (unspliced And Spliced)-mediated Effects On Antiestrogen Responsiveness And Cell Fate Decisions In Breast Cancer.” Molecular And Cellular Biology, 35, 2 (January 15, 2015): 379-390. 10.1128/MCB.00847-14.
Niya Wang, Ting Gong, Robert Clarke, Lulu Chen, Ie-ming Shih, Zhen Zhang, Douglas A. Levine, Jianhua Xuan And Yue Wang. “Undo: A Bioconductor R Package For Unsupervised Deconvolution Of Mixed Gene Expressions In Tumor Samples.” Bioinformatics, 31, 1 (January 1, 2015): 137-139. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btu607.
Zhang, Y.-W., Nasto, R.E., Varghese, R., Jablonski, S.A., Serebriiskii, I.G., Surana, R., Bebu, I., Murray, J., Jin, L., Johnson, M., Riggins, R., Ressom., H., Petrocoin III, E., Clarke, R., Golemis, Robert Clarke. “Acquisition of estrogen independence induces TOB-1 mechanisms supporting breast cancer cell proliferation.” Oncogene (2015): 10.1038/onc.2015.226.
Fu, Y., Yu, G., Levine, D.A., Wang, N., Shih, I.M., Zhang, Z. Clarke, R. & Wang, Y., Robert Clarke. “BACOM 2.0 facilitates absolute normalization and quantification of somatic copy number alterations in heterogeneous tumor.” Scientific Reports, 5 (2015): 10.1038/srep13955.
Shi, X., Wang, X., Shajahan, A., Hilakivi-Clarke, L., Clarke, R. & Xuan, J.. “BMRF-MI: integrative identification of protein interaction network by modeling the gene dependency.” BMC Genomics, 16, S10 (2015): 10.1186/1471-2164-16-S7-S10.
Cook, K.L., Schwartz-Robert, J.L., Baumann, W.T. & Clarke, R.. “Linking autophagy with inflammation through interferon regulatory factor-1 signaling in ER+ breast cancer.” Molecular & Cellular Oncology, 3, 1 (2015): 10.1080/23723556.2015.1023928.
Clarke, R. & Cook, K.L.. “Unfolding the role of stress response signaling in endocrine resistant breast cancers.” Frontiers in Oncology, 5, 140 (2015): 10.3389/fonc.2015.00140.
William D Figg, Katherine Cook And Robert Clarke. “Aromatase Inhibitor Plus Ovarian Suppression As Adjuvant Therapy In Premenopausal Women With Breast Cancer.” Cancer Biology & Therapy, 15, 12 (December 2, 2014): 1586-1587. https://dx.doi.org/10.4161%2F15384047.2014.972783.
Yongxian Ma, York Tomita, Anju Preet, Robert Clarke, Erikah Englund, Scott Grindrod, Shyam Nathan, Eliseu De Oliveira, Milton L. Brown And Eliot M. Rosen. “Small-molecule ‘brca1-mimetics’Are Antagonists Of Estrogen Receptor-?.” Molecular Endocrinology, 28, 12 (December 2014): 1971-1986. 10.1210/me.2014-1146.
Ye Tian, Sean S. Wang, Zhen Zhang, Olga C. Rodriguez, Emanuel Petricoin Iii, Ie-ming Shih, Daniel Chan, Maria Avantaggiati, Guoqiang Yu, Shaozhen Ye, Robert Clarke, Chao Wang, Bai Zhang, Yue Wang And Chris Albanese. “Integration Of Network Biology And Imaging To Study Cancer Phenotypes And Responses.” Ieee/acm Transactions On Computational Biology And Bioinformatics, 11, 6 (November 1, 2014): 1009-1019. 10.1109/TCBB.2014.2338304.
Sabine M. Brouxhon, Stephanos Kyrkanides, Xiaofei Teng, M. Kerry O’banion, Robert Clarke, Stephen Byers And Li Ma. “Soluble-e-cadherin Activates Her And Iap Family Members In Her2+ And Tnbc Human Breast Cancers.” Molecular Carcinogenesis, 53, 11 (November 2014): 893-906. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002%2Fmc.22048.
K. L. Cook, P. A. G. Clarke, J. Parmar, R. Hu, J. L. Schwartz-roberts, M. Abu-asab, A. Warri, W. T. Baumann And R. Clarke. “Knockdown Of Estrogen Receptor-a Induces Autophagy And Inhibits Antiestrogen-mediated Unfolded Protein Response Activation, Promoting Ros-induced Breast Cancer Cell Death.” The Faseb Journal, 28, 9 (September 1, 2014): 3891-3905.10.1096/fj.13-247353.
C. Hatzis, P. L. Bedard, N. J. Birkbak, A. H. Beck, H. J. W. L. Aerts, D. F. Stern, L. Shi, R. Clarke, J. Quackenbush And B. Haibe-kains. “Enhancing Reproducibility In Cancer Drug Screening: How Do We Move Forward?.” Cancer Research, 74, 15 (August 1, 2014): 4016-4023. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-14-0725.
K. L. Cook, A. Warri, D. R. Soto-pantoja, P. A. Clarke, M. I. Cruz, A. Zwart And R. Clarke. “Chloroquine Inhibits Autophagy To Potentiate Antiestrogen Responsiveness In Er+ Breast Cancer.” Clinical Cancer Research, 20, 12 (June 15, 2014): 3222-3232. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-13-3227.
Bai Zhang, Xuchu Hou, Xiguo Yuan, Ie-ming Shih, Zhen Zhang, Robert Clarke, Roger R. Wang, Yi Fu, Subha Madhavan, Yue Wang And Guoqiang Yu. “Aisaic: A Software Suite For Accurate Identification Of Significant Aberrations In Cancers.” Bioinformatics, 30, 3 (February 1, 2014): 431-433. https://dx.doi.org/10.1093%2Fbioinformatics%2Fbtt693.
Gu, J., Wang, X., Hilakivi-Clarke, L., Clarke, R. & Xuan J.. “BADGE: A novel Bayesian model for accurate abundance quantification and differential analysis of RNA-Seq data.” BMC Bioinformatics, 15, S9 (2014): 10.1186/1471-2105-15-S9-S6.
Cook, K.L. & Clarke, R.. “Estrogen receptor-a signaling and localization regulates autophagy and unfolded protein response activation in ER+ breast cancer..” Receptors & Clinical Investigation, 1 (2014): e316. 10.14800/rci.316.
Madhavan, S., Gauba, R., Clarke, R. & Gusev, Y. “Integrative Analysis Workflow For Untargeted Metabolomics In Translational Research.” Journal Of Postgenomics Drug & Biomarker Development, 4, 1 (2014): http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2153-0769.1000130.
Tian, Y., Zhang, B., Hoffman, E.P., Clarke, R., Zhang, Z., Shih, I.-M., Xuan, J., Herrington, D.M., Wang, Y., Clarke R.. “Knowledge-fused differential dependency network models for detecting significant rewiring in biological networks.” BCM Systems Biology, 8, 87 (2014): 10.1186/s12918-014-0087-1.
Chen, C., Baumann, W.T., Xing, J., Xu, L., Clarke, R. & Tyson, J.J.. “Mathematical models of the transitions between endocrine therapy responsive and resistant states in breast cancer.”Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 11 (2014): 10.1098/rsif.2014.0206.
Cook, K.L., Soto-Pantoja, D.R., Abu-Asab, M., Roberts, D.D. & Clarke, R.. “Mitochondria directly donate their membrane to form autophagosomes during novel mechanism of parkin-mediated mitophagy.” Cell & Bioscience, 4, 16 (2014): 10.1186/2045-3701-4-16.
Shajahan-Haq, A.N., Cook, K.L. Schwartz-Robert, J.L., Eltayeb, A.E., Demas, D.M., Facey, C.B.O., Wärri, A., Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A. & Clarke, R.. “MYC regulates the unfolded protein response and glucose and glutamine uptake in endocrine resistant breast cancer.” Molecular Cancer, 13, 239 (2014): 10.1186/1476-4598-13-239.
Chen, L., Choyke, P.L., Wang, N. Clarke, R., Bhujwalla, Z.M., Hillman, E.M.C., Wang, G. & Wang, Y.. “Unsupervised deconvolution of dynamic imaging reveals intratumor vascular heterogeneity and repopulation dynamics.” PLoS ONE, 9, 11 (2014): 10.1371/journal.pone.0112143.
Aguilar, H., Urruticoechea, A., Halonen, P., Kiyotani, K., Mushiroda, T., Barril, X., Serra-Musach, J., Islam, A., Caizzi, L., Di Croce, L., Nevedomskaya, E., Zwart, W., Bostner, J., Karlsson, E., Ten, Clarke, R.. “VAV3 mediates resistance to breast cancer endocrine therapy.” Breast Cancer Research, 16, 3 R53 (2014): 10.1186/bcr3664.
Katherine L Cook, David R Soto-pantoja, Lu Jin, Mones Abu-asab And Robert Clarke. “When Is A Vesicle Not Just A Vesicle: Mitochondrial Spheroids And Mitochondrial Autophagosomes.” Cell & Bioscience, 4, 1 (2014): 66. 10.1186/2045-3701-4-66.
Xi Chen, Jianhua Xuan, Chen Wang, Ayesha N. Shajahan, Rebecca B. Riggins And Robert Clarke. “Reconstruction Of Transcriptional Regulatory Networks By Stability-based Network Component Analysis.” IEEE/CAN Transactions On Computational Biology And Bioinformatics, 10, 6 (November 2013): 1347-1358. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCBB.2012.146.
Xi Chen, Jianhua Xuan, Chen Wang, Ayesha N. Shajahan, Rebecca B. Riggins And Robert Clarke. “Reconstruction Of Transcriptional Regulatory Networks By Stability-based Network Component Analysis.” Ieee/acm Transactions On Computational Biology And Bioinformatics, 10, 6 (November 2013): 1347-1358. 10.1109/TCBB.2012.146.
Chun Chen, William T. Baumann, Robert Clarke And John J. Tyson. “Modeling The Estrogen Receptor To Growth Factor Receptor Signaling Switch In Human Breast Cancer Cells.” Febs Letters, 587, 20 (October 11, 2013): 3327-3334. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.febslet.2013.08.022.
Robert Clarke And V. Craig Jordan. “Antihormone Drug Resistance.” Estrogen Action, Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators And Women’s Health (July 2013): 295-323.10.1142/9781848169586_0012.
J. H. Parmar, K. L. Cook, A. N. Shajahan-haq, P. A. G. Clarke, I. Tavassoly, R. Clarke, J. J. Tyson And W. T. Baumann. “Modelling The Effect Of Grp78 On Anti-oestrogen Sensitivity And Resistance In Breast Cancer.” Interface Focus, 3, 4 (June 25, 2013): 20130012-20130012. https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frsfs.2013.0012.
S. M. Brouxhon, S. Kyrkanides, X. Teng, V. Raja, M. K. O’banion, R. Clarke, S. Byers, A. Silberfeld, C. Tornos And L. Ma. “Monoclonal Antibody Against The Ectodomain Of E-cadherin (decma-1) Suppresses Breast Carcinogenesis: Involvement Of The Her/pi3k/akt/mtor And Iap Pathways.” Clinical Cancer Research, 19, 12 (June 15, 2013): 3234-3246. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2747.
J. L. Schwartz-roberts, A. N. Shajahan, K. L. Cook, A. Warri, M. Abu-asab And R. Clarke. “Gx15-070 (obatoclax) Induces Apoptosis And Inhibits Cathepsin D- And L-mediated Autophagosomal Lysis In Antiestrogen-resistant Breast Cancer Cells.” Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 12, 4 (April 1, 2013): 448-459. https://dx.doi.org/10.1158%2F1535-7163.MCT-12-0617.
Null Madhavan, Null Yuriy Gusev, Null Rebecca B. Riggins, Null Krithika Bhuvaneshwar, Null Robinder Gauba, Null Laura Sheahan, Null Clarke And Null Madhavan. “In Silico Discovery Of Mitosis Regulation Networks Associated With Early Distant Metastases In Estrogen Receptor Positive Breast Cancers.” Cancer Informatics (February 2013): 31. 10.4137/CIN.S10329.
Ye Tian, Li Chen, Bai Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Guoqiang Yu, Robert Clarke, Jianhua Xuan, Ie-ming Shih And Yue Wang. “Genomic And Network Analysis To Study The Origin Of Ovarian Cancer.” Systems Biomedicine, 1, 1 (January 2013): 55-64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/sysb.25313.
Li Chen, Jianhua Xuan, Rebecca B. Riggins, Yue Wang And Robert Clarke. “Identifying Protein Interaction Subnetworks By A Bagging Markov Random Field-based Method.” Nucleic Acids Research, 41, 2 (January 2013): e42-e42. 10.1093/nar/gks951.
Patu, D., Pietrzak, M.P., Harvey, T.E., McCall, C.E., Armstrong, W.B., Clarke, R., Weissman, N.J., Rapp, P.E., Franklin, E.S., Weinberg, F., Smith, M.S.., Benner, B., Fairbanks, R.J. & Collins, J.M.G.. “Advancing translational research through facility design..” HERD (Health Environments Research & Design), 6 (2013): 126-137.
M.s. Abu-asab, N. Abu-asab, C.a. Loffredo, R. Clarke And H. Amri. “Identifying Early Events Of Gene Expression In Breast Cancer With Systems Biology Phylogenetics.” Cytogenetic And Genome Research, 139, 3 (2013): 206-214. 10.1159/000348433.
Xu Shi, Jinghua Gu, Xi Chen, Ayesha Shajahan, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Robert Clarke And Jianhua Xuan. “Mapc-gibbsos: An Integrated Approach For Robust Identification Of Gene Regulatory Networks.” Bmc Systems Biology, 7, Suppl 5 (2013): S4. https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2F1752-0509-7-S5-S4.
Zhang, Y., Xuan, J., Clarke, R. & Ressom, H.. “Module-based breast cancer classification.” International Journal of Data Mining and Bioinformatics (2013)
Wang, N., Meng, F., Chen, L., Madhavan, S., Clarke, R., Hoffman, E.P., Xuan, J. Wang, Y.. “The CAM software for nonnegative blind source separation in R-Java.” Journal of Machine Learnings Research (2013)
Xuchu Hou, Guoqiang Yu, Xiguo Yuan, Bai Zhang, Ie-ming Shih, Zhen Zhang, Robert Clarke And Subha Madhavan. “Accurate Identification Of Significant Aberrations In Contaminated Cancer Genome.” Proceedings 2012 Ieee International Workshop On Genomic Signal Processing And Statistics (gensips) (December 2012): https://doi.org/10.1109/GENSIPS.2012.6507730.
Katherine L. Cook And Robert B Clarke. “Heat Shock 70 Kda Protein 5/glucose-regulated Protein 78 ‘amp’ing Up Autophagy.” Autophagy, 8, 12 (December 2012): 1827-1829.10.4161/auto.21765.
Chen Wang, Jianhua Xuan, Ie-ming Shih, Robert Clarke And Yue Wang. “Regulatory Component Analysis: A Semi-blind Extraction Approach To Infer Gene Regulatory Networks With Imperfect Biological Knowledge.” Signal Processing, 92, 8 (August 2012): 1902-1915. 10.1016/j.sigpro.2011.11.028.
J. Gu, J. Xuan, R. B. Riggins, L. Chen, Y. Wang And R. Clarke. “Robust Identification Of Transcriptional Regulatory Networks Using A Gibbs Sampler On Outlier Sum Statistic.”Bioinformatics, 28, 15 (August 1, 2012): 1990-1997. 10.1093/bioinformatics/bts296.
K. L. Cook, A. N. Shajahan, A. Warri, L. Jin, L. A. Hilakivi-clarke And R. Clarke. “Glucose-regulated Protein 78 Controls Cross-talk Between Apoptosis And Autophagy To Determine Antiestrogen Responsiveness.” Cancer Research, 72, 13 (July 1, 2012): 3337-3349. https://dx.doi.org/10.1158%2F0008-5472.CAN-12-0269.
Kerrie B Bouker, Yue Wang, Jianhua Xuan And Robert Clarke. “Antiestrogen Resistance And The Application Of Systems Biology.” Drug Discovery Today: Disease Mechanisms, 9, 2-Jan(June 2012): e11-e17. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ddmec.2012.10.003.
Harini S. Aiyer, Anni M. Warri, Denzel R. Woode, Leena Hilakivi-clarke And Robert Clarke. “Influence Of Berry Polyphenols On Receptor Signaling And Cell-death Pathways: Implications For Breast Cancer Prevention.” Journal Of Agricultural And Food Chemistry, 60, 23 (June 13, 2012): 5693-5708. 10.1021/jf204084f.
Ayesha N. Shajahan, Zachary C. Dobbin, F. Edward Hickman, Sivanesan Dakshanamurthy And Robert Clarke. “Tyrosine-phosphorylated Caveolin-1 (tyr-14) Increases Sensitivity To Paclitaxel By Inhibiting Bcl2 And Bclxl Proteins Via C-jun N-terminal Kinase (jnk).” Journal Of Biological Chemistry, 287, 21 (May 18, 2012): 17682-17692. 10.1074/jbc.M111.304022.
Dorrelyn Patacsil, Anh Thu Tran, Youn Sook Cho, Simeng Suy, Francisco Saenz, Irina Malyukova, Habtom Ressom, Sean P. Collins, Robert Clarke And Deepak Kumar. “Gamma-tocotrienol Induced Apoptosis Is Associated With Unfolded Protein Response In Human Breast Cancer Cells.” The Journal Of Nutritional Biochemistry, 23, 1 (January 2012): 93-100.10.1016/j.jnutbio.2010.11.012.
Harini S. Aiyer, Kerrie B. Bouker, Katherine L. Cook, Caroline O.b. Facey, Rong Hu, Jessica L. Schwartz, Ayesha N. Shajahan, Leena Hilakivi-clarke And Robert Clarke. “Interaction Of Dietary Polyphenols With Molecular Signaling Pathways Of Antiestrogen Resistance: Possible Role In Breast Cancer Recurrence.” Hormone Molecular Biology And Clinical Investigation, 9, 2 (January 1, 2012): 10.1515/hmbci-2012-0022.
Dorrelyn Patacsil, Sylvester Osayi, Anh Thu Tran, Francisco Saenz, Lydia Yimer, Ayesha N. Shajahan, Prafulla C. Gokhale, Mukesh Verma, Robert Clarke, Subhash C. Chauhan And Deepak Kumar. “Vitamin E Succinate Inhibits Survivin And Induces Apoptosis In Pancreatic Cancer Cells.” Genes & Nutrition, 7, 1 (January 2012): 83-89. 10.1007/s12263-011-0242-x.
Denzel R. Woode, Harini S. Aiyer, Nicole Sie, Alan L. Zwart, Liya Li, Navindra P. Seeram And Robert Clarke. “Effect Of Berry Extracts And Bioactive Compounds On Fulvestrant (ici 182,780) Sensitive And Resistant Cell Lines.” International Journal of Breast Cancer, 2012 (2012): 11-Jan. 10.1155/2012/147828.
Xiguo Yuan, Guoqiang Yu, Xuchu Hou, Ie-ming Shih, Robert Clarke, Junying Zhang, Eric P Hoffman, Roger R Wang, Zhen Zhang And Yue Wang. “Genome-wide Identification Of Significant Aberrations In Cancer Genome.” Bmc Genomics, 13, 1 (2012): 342. 10.1186/1471-2164-13-342.
D.J. Klionsky, F.C. Abdalla, H. Abeliovich, R.T. Abraham, … R. Clarke, … J. Zschocke & B. Zuckerbraun. “Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy.”Autophagy, 8 (2012): 445-544.
Katherine L Cook, Ayesha N Shajahan And Robert Clarke. “Autophagy And Endocrine Resistance In Breast Cancer.” Expert Review Of Anticancer Therapy, 11, 8 (August 2011): 1283-1294. 10.1586/era.11.111.
Robert Clarke. “Cannibalism, Cell Survival, And Endocrine Resistance In Breast Cancer.” Breast Cancer Research, 13, 4 (August 2011): https://doi.org/10.1186/bcr2870.
John J. Tyson, William T. Baumann, Chun Chen, Anael Verdugo, Iman Tavassoly, Yue Wang, Louis M. Weiner And Robert Clarke. “Dynamic Modelling Of Oestrogen Signalling And Cell Fate In Breast Cancer Cells.” Nature Reviews Cancer, 11, 7 (June 16, 2011): 523-532. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038%2Fnrc3081.
Z. Ren, Y. Wang, D. Tao, D. Liebenson, T. Liggett, R. Goswami, R. Clarke, D. Stefoski And R. Balabanov. “Overexpression Of The Dominant-negative Form Of Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 In Oligodendrocytes Protects Against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.” Journal Of Neuroscience, 31, 23 (June 8, 2011): 8329-8341.https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1028-11.2011.
Bai Zhang, Ye Tian, Lu Jin, Huai Li, Ie-ming Shih, Subha Madhavan, Robert Clarke, Eric P. Hoffman, Jianhua Xuan, Leena Hilakivi-clarke And Yue Wang. “Ddn: A Cabig® Analytical Tool For Differential Network Analysis.” Bioinformatics, 27, 7 (April 1, 2011): 1036-1038. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr052.
C. Thangavel, J. L. Dean, A. Ertel, K. E. Knudsen, C. M. Aldaz, A. K. Witkiewicz, R. Clarke And E. S. Knudsen. “Therapeutically Activating Rb: Reestablishing Cell Cycle Control In Endocrine Therapy-resistant Breast Cancer.” Endocrine Related Cancer, 18, 3 (April 28, 2011): 333-345. https://doi.org/10.1530/ERC-10-0262.
Guoqiang Yu, Huai Li, Sook Ha, Ie?ming Shih, Robert Clarke, Eric P. Hoffman, Subha Madhavan, Jianhua Xuan And Yue Wang. “Pugsvm: A Cabigtm Analytical Tool For Multiclass Gene Selection And Predictive Classification.” Bioinformatics, 27, 5 (March 1, 2011): 736-738. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq721.
Robert Clarke, Ayesha N. Shajahan, Yue Wang, John J. Tyson, Rebecca B. Riggins, Louis M. Weiner, William T. Bauman, Jianhua Xuan, Bai Zhang, Caroline Facey, Harini Aiyer, Katherine Cook, F. Edward Hickman, Iman Tavassoly, Anael Verdugo, Chun Chen, Alan Zwart, Anni Wärri And Leena A. Hilakivi-clarke. “Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, The Unfolded Protein Response, And Gene Network Modeling In Antiestrogen Resistant Breast Cancer.” Hormone Molecular Biology And Clinical Investigation, 5, 1 (January 1, 2011): 35-44.10.1515/hmbci.2010.073.
Madhavan S, Gusev Y, Harris M, Tanenbaum DM, Gauba R, Bhuvaneshwar K, Shinohara, A, Rosso K., Carabet, L.A., Song, S., Riggins, R.B., Dakshanamurthyu S, Wang Y, Byers SW, Clarke R, Weiner LM. “G-DOC®: a systems medicine platform for personalized oncology.” Neoplasia, 13 (2011): 771-783.
Chen L, Xuan J, Riggins RB, Clarke R, Wang Y. “Identifying cancer biomarkers by network-constrained support vector machines.” BMC Systems Biology, 5 (2011): 161 (12 pages).
Ting Gong, Jianhua Xuan, Li Chen, Rebecca B Riggins, Huai Li, Eric P Hoffman, Robert Clarke And Yue Wang. “Motif-guided Sparse Decomposition Of Gene Expression Data For Regulatory Module Identification.” Bmc Bioinformatics, 12, 1 (2011): 82. https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2F1471-2105-12-82.
J. L. Schwartz, A. N. Shajahan And R. Clarke. “The Role Of Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 (irf1) In Overcoming Antiestrogen Resistance In The Treatment Of Breast Cancer.” International Journal Of Breast Cancer, 2011 (2011): 9-Jan. 10.4061/2011/912102.
R. B. Riggins, M. M. Mazzotta, O. Z. Maniya And R. Clarke. “Orphan Nuclear Receptors In Breast Cancer Pathogenesis And Therapeutic Response.” Endocrine Related Cancer, 17, 3(August 16, 2010): R213-R231. 10.1677/ERC-10-0058.
Li Chen, Jianhua Xuan, Rebecca B. Riggins, Yue Wang, Eric P. Hoffman And Robert Clarke. “Multilevel Support Vector Regression Analysis To Identify Condition-specific Regulatory Networks.” Bioinformatics, 26, 11 (June 1, 2010): 1416-1422. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btq144.
C. G. Broustas, J. S. Ross, Q. Yang, C. E. Sheehan, R. Riggins, A.-m. Noone, B. R. Haddad, F. Seillier-moiseiwitsch, B. V. S. Kallakury, B. G. Haffty, R. Clarke And U. N. Kasid. “The Proapoptotic Molecule Blid Interacts With Bcl-xl And Its Downregulation In Breast Cancer Correlates With Poor Disease-free And Overall Survival.” Clinical Cancer Research, 16, 11(June 1, 2010): 2939-2948. 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-2351.
Luciane R. Cavalli, Rebecca B. Riggins, Antai Wang, Robert Clarke And Bassem R. Haddad. “Frequent Loss Of Heterozygosity At The Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 Gene Locus In Breast Cancer.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 121, 1 (May 2010): 227-231. 10.1007/s10549-009-0509-8.
Y. Ning, R. B. Riggins, J. E. Mulla, H. Chung, A. Zwart And R. Clarke. “Ifngamma Restores Breast Cancer Sensitivity To Fulvestrant By Regulating Stat1, Ifn Regulatory Factor 1, Nf- b, Bcl2 Family Members, And Signaling To Caspase-dependent Apoptosis.” Molecular Cancer Therapeutics, 9, 5 (May 1, 2010): 1274-1285. https://doi.org/10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-09-1169.
Yuji Zhang, Jianhua Xuan, Benildo G. De Los Reyes, Robert Clarke And Habtom W. Ressom. “Reconstruction Of Gene Regulatory Modules In Cancer Cell Cycle By Multi-source Data Integration.” Plos One, 5, 4 (April 21, 2010): e10268. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010268.
Amy M. Trauernicht, Se Jin Kim, Nam Hee Kim, Robert Clarke And Thomas G. Boyer. “Dbc-1 Mediates Endocrine Resistant Breast Cancer Cell Survival.” Cell Cycle, 9, 6 (March 15, 2010): 1218-1219. 10.4161/cc.9.6.11010.
Ayesha N. Shajahan, Shruti Goel, Sonia De Assis, Bin Yu, Robert Clarke And Leena Hilakivi-clarke. “Changes In Mammary Caveolin-1 Signaling Pathways Are Associated With Breast Cancer Risk In Rats Exposed To Estradiol In Utero Or During Prepuberty.” Hormone Molecular Biology And Clinical Investigation, 2, 2 (January 1, 2010): 227-234.10.1515/hmbci.2010.031.
Anatasha C. Crawford, Rebecca B. Riggins, Ayesha N. Shajahan, Alan Zwart And Robert Clarke. “Co-inhibition Of Bcl-w And Bcl2 Restores Antiestrogen Sensitivity Through Becn1 And Promotes An Autophagy-associated Necrosis.” Plos One, 5, 1 (January 6, 2010): e8604. 10.1371/journal.pone.0008604.
Nehra R, Riggins RB, Shajahan AN, Zwart A, Crawford AC, Clarke R. “BCL2 and CASP8 regulation by NF?B differentially affect mitochondrial function and cell fate in antiestrogen-sensitive and -resistant breast cancer cells.” FASEB J (2010)
Xuan, J., Wang, Y., Hoffman, E. & Clarke, R.. “Cross phenotype normalization of microarray data.” Frontier Biosciences (2010): 171-186.
Chen Wang, Jianhua Xuan, Huai Li, Yue Wang, Ming Zhan, Eric P Hoffman And Robert Clarke. “Knowledge-guided Gene Ranking By Coordinative Component Analysis.” Bmc Bioinformatics, 11, 1 (2010): 162. 10.1186/1471-2105-11-162.
Yu G, Feng Y, Miller DJ, Xuan J, Hoffman EP, Clarke R, Wang Y. “Matched gene selection and committee classifier for molecular classification of heterogeneous diseases.” Journal of Machine Learning Research, 11 (2010): 2141-2167.
Robert Clarke. “The Role Of Preclinical Animal Models In Breast Cancer Drug Development.” Breast Cancer Research, 11, S3 (December 2009): 10.1186/bcr2441.
Robert Clarke, Ayesha N. Shajahan, Rebecca B. Riggins, Younsook Cho, Anatasha Crawford, Jianhua Xuan, Yue Wang, Alan Zwart, Ruchi Nehra And Minetta C. Liu. “Gene Network Signaling In Hormone Responsiveness Modifies Apoptosis And Autophagy In Breast Cancer Cells.” The Journal Of Steroid Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, 114, 2-Jan (March 2009): 20-Aug. 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2008.12.023.
Bai Zhang, Huai Li, Rebecca B. Riggins, Ming Zhan, Jianhua Xuan, Zhen Zhang, Eric P. Hoffman, Robert Clarke And Yue Wang. “Differential Dependency Network Analysis To Identify Condition-specific Topological Changes In Biological Networks.” Bioinformatics, 25, 4 (February 15, 2009): 526-532. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btn660.
Chen, L., Xuan, J., Wang, C., Shih, L.-M., Wang, T.-L., Zhang, Z., Clarke, R., Hoffman, E.P. & Wang, Y.. “Biomarker Identification By Knowledge-driven Multi-level Ica And Motif Analysis.”International Journal of Data Mining and Bioinformatics (2009): 365-381.
L. Chen, J. Xuan, R.B. Riggins, Y. Wang, E.P. Hoffman, & R. Clarke. “Identification of condition-specific regulatory modules through multi-level motif and mRNA expression analysis.”International Journal of Computational Biology and Drug Design, 2 (2009): 20-Jan.
Yuji Zhang, Jianhua Xuan, Benildo G De Los Reyes, Robert Clarke And Habtom W Ressom. “Reverse Engineering Module Networks By Pso-rnn Hybrid Modeling.” Bmc Genomics, 10, Suppl 1 (2009): S15. 10.1186/1471-2164-10-S1-S15.
A.n. Shajahan, R.b. Riggins And R. Clarke. “The Role Of X-box Binding Protein-1 In Tumorigenicity.” Drug News & Perspectives, 22, 5 (2009): 241-46. 10.1358/dnp.2009.22.5.1378631.
S. E. Olivo-marston, Y. Zhu, R. Y. Lee, A. Cabanes, G. Khan, A. Zwart, Y. Wang, R. Clarke And L. Hilakivi-clarke. “Gene Signaling Pathways Mediating The Opposite Effects Of Prepubertal Low-fat And High-fat N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Diets On Mammary Cancer Risk.” Cancer Prevention Research, 1, 7 (December 1, 2008): 532-545.https://dx.doi.org/10.1158%2F1940-6207.CAPR-08-0030.
R. B. Riggins, J. P-j. Lan, U. Klimach, A. Zwart, L. R. Cavalli, B. R. Haddad, L. Chen, T. Gong, J. Xuan, S. P. Ethier And R. Clarke. “ERRgamma Mediates Tamoxifen Resistance In Novel Models Of Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer.” Cancer Research, 68, 21 (November 1, 2008): 8908-8917. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-2669.
Y Wang, D J Miller And R Clarke. “Approaches To Working In High-dimensional Data Spaces: Gene Expression Microarrays.” British Journal Of Cancer, 98, 6 (March 25, 2008): 1023-1028. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604207.
Robert Clarke, Habtom W. Ressom, Antai Wang, Jianhua Xuan, Minetta C. Liu, Edmund A. Gehan And Yue Wang. “The Properties Of High-dimensional Data Spaces: Implications For Exploring Gene And Protein Expression Data.” Nature Reviews Cancer, 8, 1 (January 2008): 37-49. 10.1038/nrc2294.
Zhu, Y., Wang, Z., Miller, D.J., Clarke, R., Xuan, J., Hoffman, E.P. & Wang, Y.. “A ground truth based comparative study on clustering of gene expression data.” Frontiers Bioscience, 13(2008): 3839-3849.
Yitan Zhu, Huai Li, David J Miller, Zuyi Wang, Jianhua Xuan, Robert Clarke, Eric P Hoffman And Yue Wang. “Cabig™ Visda: Modeling, Visualization, And Discovery For Cluster Analysis Of Genomic Data.” Bmc Bioinformatics, 9, 1 (2008): 383. 10.1186/1471-2105-9-383.
Ressom, H.W., Varghese, R.S., Zhang, Z., Xuan, J. & Clarke, R.. “Classification Algorithms For Phenotype Prediction In Genomics And Proteomics.” Frontiers In Bioscience, 13, 13(2008): 691-708.
Gong, T., Xuan, J., Wang, C., Li, H., Hoffman, E., Clarke, R. & Wang, Y.. “Gene module identification from microarray data using nonnegative independent component analysis.” Gene Regulation & Systems Biology, 1 (2008): 349-363.
Chen Wang, Jianhua Xuan, Li Chen, Po Zhao, Yue Wang, Robert Clarke and Eric P. Hoffman. “Integrative Network Component Analysis for Regulatory Network Reconstruction.”Bioinformatics (2008): 196-207. 10.1007/978-3-540-79450-9_19.
Li Chen, Jianhua Xuan, Chen Wang, Ie-ming Shih, Yue Wang, Zhen Zhang, Eric Hoffman And Robert Clarke. “Knowledge-guided Multi-scale Independent Component Analysis For Biomarker Identification.” Bmc Bioinformatics, 9, 1 (2008): 416. 10.1186/1471-2105-9-416.
Chen Wang, Jianhua Xuan, Li Chen, Po Zhao, Yue Wang, Robert Clarke And Eric Hoffman. “Motif-directed Network Component Analysis For Regulatory Network Inference.” Bmc Bioinformatics, 9, Suppl 1 (2008): S21. 10.1186/1471-2105-9-S1-S21.
Yuji Zhang, Jianhua Xuan, Benildo G De Los Reyes, Robert Clarke And Habtom W Ressom. “Network Motif-based Identification Of Transcription Factor-target Gene Relationships By Integrating Multi-source Biological Data.” Bmc Bioinformatics, 9, 1 (2008): 203. 10.1186/1471-2105-9-203.
Ting Gong, Jianhua Xuan, Li Chen, Rebecca B. Riggins, Yue Wang, Eric P. Hoffman and Robert Clarke. “Sparse Decomposition of Gene Expression Data to Infer Transcriptional Modules Guided by Motif Information.” Lecture Notes Bioinformatics (2008): 244-255. 10.1007/978-3-540-79450-9_23.
Jianhua Xuan, Yue Wang, Robert Clarke And Eric Hoffman. “An Iterative Nonlinear Regression Method For Microarray Data Normalization.” The Open Applied Informatics Journal, 1, 1(December 26, 2007): 19-Nov. 10.2174/1874136300701010011.
Catherine Naughton, Kenneth Macleod, Barbara Kuske, Robert Clarke, David A. Cameron And Simon P. Langdon. “Progressive Loss Of Estrogen Receptor ? Cofactor Recruitment In Endocrine Resistance.” Molecular Endocrinology, 21, 11 (November 2007): 2615-2626. 10.1210/me.2007-0110.
Jiajing Wang, Huai Li, Yitan Zhu, Malik Yousef, Michael Nebozhyn, Michael Showe, Louise Showe, Jianhua Xuan, Robert Clarke And Yue Wang. “Visda: An Open-source Cabig™ Analytical Tool For Data Clustering And Beyond.” Bioinformatics, 23, 15 (August 2007): 2024-2027. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btm290.
B. P. Gomez, R. B. Riggins, A. N. Shajahan, U. Klimach, A. Wang, A. C. Crawford, Y. Zhu, A. Zwart, M. Wang And R. Clarke. “Human X-box Binding Protein-1 Confers Both Estrogen Independence And Antiestrogen Resistance In Breast Cancer Cell Lines.” The Faseb Journal, 21, 14 (July 20, 2007): 4013-4027. 10.1096/fj.06-7990com.
Kerrie B. Bouker, Todd C. Skaar, David S. Harburger, Rebecca B. Riggins, David R. Fernandez, Alan Zwart And Robert Clarke. “The A4396g Polymorphism In Interferon Regulatory Factor 1 Is Frequently Expressed In Breast Cancer Cell Lines.” Cancer Genetics And Cytogenetics, 175, 1 (May 2007): 61-64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2006.12.008.
Ayesha N. Shajahan, Aifen Wang, Markus Decker, Richard D. Minshall, Minetta C. Liu And Robert Clarke. “Caveolin-1 Tyrosine Phosphorylation Enhances Paclitaxel-mediated Cytotoxicity.” Journal Of Biological Chemistry, 282, 8 (February 23, 2007): 5934-5943. 10.1074/jbc.M608857200.
Jianhua Xuan, Yue Wang, Yibin Dong, Yuanjian Feng, Bin Wang, Javed Khan, Maria Bakay, Zuyi Wang, Lauren Pachman, Sara Winokur, Yi-wen Chen, Robert Clarke And Eric Hoffman.“Gene Selection For Multiclass Prediction By Weighted Fisher Criterion.” Eurasip Journal On Bioinformatics And Systems Biology, 2007 (2007): 15-Jan. 10.1155/2007/64628.
Lee-jun C Wong, Pu Dai, Jyh-feng Lu, Mary Ann Lou, Robert Clarke And Viktor Nazarov. “Aib1 Gene Amplification And The Instability Of Polyq Encoding Sequence In Breast Cancer Cell Lines.” Bmc Cancer, 6, 1 (December 2006): https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2407-6-111.
Li Hua Wang, Xiao Yi Yang, Xiaohu Zhang, Ping An, Han-jong Kim, Jiaqiang Huang, Robert Clarke, C. Kent Osborne, John K. Inman, Ettore Appella And William L. Farrar. “Disruption Of Estrogen Receptor Dna-binding Domain And Related Intramolecular Communication Restores Tamoxifen Sensitivity In Resistant Breast Cancer.” Cancer Cell, 10, 6 (December 2006): 487-499. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2006.09.015.
B. Kuske, C. Naughton, K. Moore, K. G Macleod, W. R Miller, R. Clarke, S. P Langdon And D. A Cameron. “Endocrine Therapy Resistance Can Be Associated With High Estrogen Receptor (er ) Expression And Reduced Er Phosphorylation In Breast Cancer Models.” Endocrine Related Cancer, 13, 4 (December 1, 2006): 1121-1133.https://doi.org/10.1677/erc.1.01257.
Yuelin Zhu, Antai Wang, Minetta Liu, Alan Zwart, Richard Lee, Ann Gallagher, Yue Wang, William Miller, J. Dixon And Robert Clarke. “Estrogen Receptor Alpha Positive Breast Tumors And Breast Cancer Cell Lines Share Similarities In Their Transcriptome Data Structures.” International Journal Of Oncology, 29 (December 1, 2006): 1581- 1589. 10.3892/ijo.29.6.1581.
Riggins RB, Thomas KS, Ta HQ, Wen J, Davis RJ, Schuh NR, Donelan SS, Owen KA, Gibson MA, Shupnik MA, Silva CM, Parsons SJ, Clarke R, Bouton AH. “Physical And Functional Interactions Between Cas And C-src Induce Tamoxifen Resistance Of Breast Cancer Cells Through Pathways Involving Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor And Signal Transducer And Activator Of Transcription 5b.” Cancer Research, 66, 14 (July 15, 2006): 7007-7015. https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-3952.
B. J. Trock, L. Hilakivi-clarke And R. Clarke. “Meta-analysis Of Soy Intake And Breast Cancer Risk.” Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, 98, 7 (April 5, 2006): 459-471.https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djj102.
Z. Wang, Y. Wang, J. Xuan, Y. Dong, M. Bakay, Y. Feng, R. Clarke And E. P. Hoffman. “Optimized Multilayer Perceptrons For Molecular Classification And Diagnosis Using Genomic Data.” Bioinformatics, 22, 6 (March 15, 2006): 755-761. https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btk036.
Zhu, Y., Singh, B., Hewitt, S., Liu, A., Gomez, B., Wang, A. & Clarke, R. “Expression patterns among proteins associated with endocrine responsiveness in breast cancer: IRF1, XBP1, NFkB, nucleophosmin, ER and PR.” International Journal of Oncology, 28 (2006): 67-76.
Robert Clarke, Fabio Leonessa And Bruce Trock. “MDR/p-glycoprotein And Breast Cancer: Review And Meta-analysis.” Seminars In Oncology, 32 (December 2005): 15-Sep.https://doi.org/10.1053/j.seminoncol.2005.09.009.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Olivo, S.E., Shajahan, A., Khan, G., Zhu, Y., Zwart, A., Cho, E. & Clarke, R.. “Mechanisms mediating the effects of prepubertal (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid diets on breast cancer risk in rats.” Journal of Nutrition, 135 (December 2005): 2946-2952.
Robert Clarke. “Human Tumours In Animal Hosts.” The Cancer Handbook (January 15, 2005): 10.1002/0470025077.chap58.
Bouker KB, Skaar TC, Riggins RB, Harburger DS, Fernandez DR, Zwart A, Wang A, Clarke R.. “Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 (irf-1) Exhibits Tumor Suppressor Activities In Breast Cancer Associated With Caspase Activation And Induction Of Apoptosis.” Carcinogenesis, 26, 9 (January 20, 2005): 1527-1535. https://doi.org/10.1093/carcin/bgi113.
Rebecca B. Riggins, Amy H. Bouton, Minetta C. Liu And Robert Clarke. “Antiestrogens, Aromatase Inhibitors, And Apoptosis In Breast Cancer.” Vitamins & Hormones, 71 (2005): 201-237. 10.1016/S0083-6729(05)71007-4.
Ressom, H., Xuan, J., Wang, Y. & Clarke, R.. “Classification of microarray data using machine learning methods.” Transaction of Integrated Biomedical Informatics Enabling Technology, 2 (2005)
Riggins, R.B., Nehra, R., Zwart, A., Agarwal, P. & Clarke, R.. “The NF?B inhibitor parthenolide restores ICI 182,780 (Faslodex; Fulvestrant)-induced apoptosis in antiestrogen resistant breast cancer cells.” Molecular Cancer Therapies, 4 (2005): 323-412.
Erik W. Thompson, Mark Waltham, Susan J. Ramus, Anne-marie Hutchins, Jane E. Armes, Ian G. Campbell, Elizabeth D. Williams, Phillip R. Thompson, James M. Rae, Michael D. Johnson And Robert Clarke. “Lcc15-mb Cells Are Mda-mb-435: A Review Of Misidentified Breast And Prostate Cell Lines.” Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 21, 6 (December 2004): 535-541. 10.1007/s10585-004-4117-z.
Luis A. Espinoza, Peijun Li, Richard Y. Lee, Yue Wang, A.hamid Boulares, Robert Clarke And Mark E. Smulson. “Evaluation Of Gene Expression Profile Of Keratinocytes In Response To Jp-8 Jet Fuel.” Toxicology And Applied Pharmacology, 200, 2 (October 2004): 93-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2004.03.022.
Kerrie B. Bouker, Todd C. Skaar, David R. Fernandez, Kerry A. O’Brien, Rebecca B. Riggins, Donghua Cao and Robert Clarke. “Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 Mediates The Proapoptotic But Not Cell Cycle Arrest Effects Of The Steroidal Antiestrogen Ici 182,780 (faslodex, Fulvestrant).” Cancer Research, 64, 11 (June 1, 2004): 4030-4039. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-03-3602.
Rae, J.M., Ramus, S.J., Waltham, M., Armes, J.E., Campbell, I.G., Clarke, R., Brandt, R., Johnson, M.D. & Thompson, E.W.. “Common origins of MDA-MB-435 cells from various sources with those shown to have melanoma propertie.” Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 231 (2004): 543-552.
Han, F., Miksicek, R., Clarke, R. & Conrad, S.E.. “Expression of an estrogen receptor variant lacking exon 3 in derivatives of MCF-7 cells with acquired estrogen independence or Tamoxifen resistance.” Journal of Molecular Endocrinology, 32 (2004): 935-945.
Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Khan, J. & Clarke, R.. “Gene Selection In Class Space For Molecular Classification Of Cancer.” Science In China Series F, 47, 3 (2004): 301-314. 10.1360/02yf0420.
Zuyi Wang, Yue Wang, Jianping Lu, Sun-yuan Kung, Junying Zhang, Richard Lee, Jianhua Xuan, Javed Khan And Robert Clarke. “Discriminatory Mining Of Gene Expression Microarray Data.” The Journal Of VLSI Signal Processing-systems For Signal, Image, And Video Technology, 35, 3 (November 2003): 255-272. 10.1023/B:VLSI.0000003024.13494.40.
Robert Clarke, Minetta C Liu, Kerrie B Bouker, Zhiping Gu, Richard Y Lee, Yuelin Zhu, Todd C Skaar, Bianca Gomez, Kerry O’brien, Yue Wang And Leena A Hilakivi-clarke. “Antiestrogen Resistance In Breast Cancer And The Role Of Estrogen Receptor Signaling.” Oncogene, 22, 47 (October 20, 2003): 7316-7339. 10.1038/sj.onc.1206937.
Michael D Johnson, Nicholas Kenney, Adriana Stoica, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Baljit Singh, Gloria Chepko, Robert Clarke, Peter F Sholler, Apolonio A Lirio, Colby Foss, Ronald Reiter, Bruce Trock, Soonmyoung Paik And Mary Beth Martin. “Cadmium Mimics The In Vivo Effects Of Estrogen In The Uterus And Mammary Gland.” Nature Medicine, 9, 8 (August 2003): 1081-1084. 10.1038/nm902.
Leonessa, F. & Clarke, R.. “ATP binding casette transporters and drug resistance in breast cancer.” Endocrine Related Cancer, 10 (2003): 43-73.
Pratt, M.A.C., Bishop, T.E., White, D., Yasvinski, G., Ménard, M., Niu, M.Y. & Clarke, R. “Estrogen withdrawal-induced NF-kB and Bcl-3 expression in breast cancer cells: roles in growth and hormone independence.” Molecular Cellular Biolology, 23 (2003): 6887-6900.
Yue Wang, Junying Zhang, Javed Khan, R. Clarke and Zhiping Gu. “Partially-independent component analysis for tissue heterogeneity correction in microarray gene expression analysis.” IEEE Neural Network Signal Process (2003): 10.1109/NNSP.2003.1318001.
Aiyi Liu, Ying Zhang, Edmund Gehan And Robert Clarke. “Block Principal Component Analysis With Application To Gene Microarray Data Classification.” Statistics In Medicine, 21, 22(November 30, 2002): 3465-3474. 10.1002/sim.1263.
Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Anna Cabanes, Susan Olivo, Leslie Kerr, Kerrie B Bouker And Robert Clarke. “Do Estrogens Always Increase Breast Cancer Risk?.” The Journal Of Steroid Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, 80, 2 (February 2002): 163-174. 10.1016/S0960-0760(01)00184-4.
Indra Poola, Robert Clarke, Robert Dewitty And Laselle D. Leffall. “Functionally Active Estrogen Receptor Isoform Profiles In The Breast Tumors Of African American Women Are Different From The Profiles In Breast Tumors Of Caucasian Women.” Cancer, 94, 3 (February 1, 2002): 615-623. 10.1002/cncr.10274.
Fabio Leonessa, Ji-hyun Kim, Alem Ghiorghis, Robert J. Kulawiec, Charles Hammer, Abdelhossein Talebian And Robert Clarke. “C-7 Analogues Of Progesterone As Potent Inhibitors Of The P-glycoprotein Efflux Pump.” Journal Of Medicinal Chemistry, 45, 2 (January 2002): 390-398. 10.1021/jm010126m.
Gu, Z., Lee, R.Y., Skaar, T.C., Bouker, K.B., Welch, J.N., Lu, J., Liu, A., Davis, N., Leonessa, F., Brünner, N., Wang, Y. & Clarke, R. “Association of interferon regulatory factor-1, nucleophosmin, nuclear factor-kappaB and cAMP response element binding with acquired resistance to Faslodex (ICI 182,780).” Cancer Research, 62 (2002): 3601-3610.
Ellis, M., Davis, N., Coop, A., Liu, M., Lee, R.Y., Russell, C., Singh, B., Miller, W.R., Stearns, V., Pennanen, M., Tsangaris, T., Liu, A., Zwart, A., Hayes, D.F., Lippman, M.E., Wang, Y. & Clarke, R. “Development and validation of a method using breast core needle biopsies for gene expression microarray analyses.” Clin Cancer Res, 8 (2002): 1155-1166.
Welch, J.N. & Clarke, R.. “ErbB-2 expression and drug resistance in cancer.” Signal, 4 (2002): 9-Apr.
Wang, Y., Lu, J., Lee, R. & Clarke, R.. “Iterative normalization of cDNA microarray data.” IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine, 6 (2002): 29-37.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Cho, E., Cabanes, A., DeAssis, S., Olivo, S., Helferich, W., Lippman, M.E. & Clarke, R.. “Modulation of pregnancy estrogen levels by maternal dietary exposure to genistein or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and breast cancer risk among female offspring.” Clinical Cancer Research, 8 (2002): 3601-3610.
Mattie R. James, Todd C. Skaar, Richard Y. Lee, Alexander Macpherson, James A. Zwiebel, Balwant S. Ahluwalia, Franklin Ampy And Robert Clarke. “Constitutive Expression Of The Steroid Sulfatase Gene Supports The Growth Of Mcf-7 Human Breast Cancer Cellsin Vitroandin Vivo1.” Endocrinology, 142, 4 (April 2001): 1497-1505. 10.1210/endo.142.4.8091.
Robert Clarke, Todd C. Skaar, Kerrie B. Bouker, Natalie Davis, Y.richard Lee, James N. Welch And Fabio Leonessa. “Molecular And Pharmacological Aspects Of Antiestrogen Resistance.” The Journal Of Steroid Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, 76, 5-Jan (March 2001): 71-84. 10.1016/S0960-0760(00)00193-X.
Clarke, R., Leonessa, F., Welch, J.N., & Skaar, T.C. “Cellular and molecular pharmacology of antiestrogen action and resistance.” Pharmacological Reviews, 53 (2001): 25-72.
Lu, L., Leonessa, F., Clarke, R. & Wainer, I.W. “Competitive and allosteric interactions in ligand binding to P-glycoprotein as observed on an immobilized P-glycoprotein liquid chromatographic stationary phase.” Molecular Pharmacology, 59 (2001): 62-68.
Clarke, R., Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A. & Trock, B.. “Dietary and environmental sources of estrogenicity and breast cancer risk.” Biologist, 48 (2001): 21-26.
Lu, J., Wang, Y., Xuan, J., Kung, S.Y., Gu, Z. & Clarke, R. “Discriminative mining of gene microarray data.” Proceedings of IEEE Neural Net Signal Process, 11 (2001): 218-227.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Cho, E., deAssis, S., Olivo, S., Ealley, E., Bouker, K.B., Welch, J.N., Khan, G., Clarke, R. & Cabanes, A.. “Maternal and prepubertal diet, mammary development and breast cancer risk.” Journal of Nutrition, 131 (2001): 154-157.
Clarke, R.. “Novel Molecular Targets and Drugs.” iDrugs, 4 (2001): 504-506.
Lili Lu, Fabio Leonessa, Michael T. Baynham, Robert Clarke, Francois Gimenez, Yen?thu Pham, Francoise Roux And Irving W. Wainer. “The enantioselective binding of mefloquine enantiomers to P-glycoprotein determined using an immobilized P-glycoprotein liquid chromatographic stationary phase.” Pharmaceutical Research, 18, 9 (2001): 1327-1330.10.1023/A:1013098213770.
Yanxiao Zhang, Fabio Leonessa, Robert Clarke And Irving W Wainer. “Development Of An Immobilized P-glycoprotein Stationary Phase For On-line Liquid Chromatographic Determination Of Drug-binding Affinities.” Journal Of Chromatography B: Biomedical Sciences And Applications, 739, 1 (February 2000): 33-37. 10.1016/S0378-4347(99)00384-9.
Poola, I., Chatra, S., Koduri, S. & Clarke, R. “Identification of twenty alternatively spliced estrogen receptor alpha mRNAs in breast cancer cell lines and tumors using splice targeted primer approach.” Journal of Steroid Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, 72 (2000): 249-258.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Cho, E., Onojafe, I. & Clarke, R.. “Maternal exposure to tamoxifen during pregnancy increases mammary tumorigenesis among female offspring.” Clinical Cancer Research, 6 (2000): 305-308.
Clarke, R. “Meeting report: 10th Annual American Institute for Cancer Research Conference – The Role of Nutrition in Preventing and treating Breast and Prostate Cancer.” CD Current Drugs: ID Weekly Highlights, (2000): 21-24.
Robert Clarke. “Sex Steroids in the mammary gland.” Journal Of Mammary Gland Biology And Neoplasia, 5, 3 (2000): 245-250. 10.1023/A:1009527609611.
L Hilakivi-clarke, E Cho, I Onojafe, M Raygada And R Clarke. “Maternal Exposure To Genistein During Pregnancy Increases Carcinogen-induced Mammary Tumorigenesis In Female Rat Offspring..” Oncology Reports, 6 (September 1, 1999): 1089-1095. 10.3892/or.6.5.1089.
L Hilakivi-clarke, I Onojafe, M Raygada, E Cho, T Skaar, I Russo And R Clarke. “Prepubertal Exposure To Zearalenone Or Genistein Reduces Mammary Tumorigenesis.” British Journal Of Cancer, 80, 11 (June 5, 1999): 1682-1688. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6690584.
Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Robert Clarke And Marc Lippman. “The Influence Of Maternal Diet On Breast Cancer Risk Among Female Offspring.” Nutrition, 15, 5 (May 1999): 392-401.10.1016/S0899-9007(99)00029-5.
C. L. Arteaga, K. M. Koli, T. C. Dugger And R. Clarke. “Reversal Of Tamoxifen Resistance Of Human Breast Carcinomas In Vivo By Neutralizing Antibodies To Transforming Growth Factor- .” Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, 91, 1 (January 6, 1999): 46-53. 10.1093/jnci/91.1.46.
R. Clarke, T. Skaar, D. El-ashry, F. Leonessa And L.a. Hilakivi-clarke. “Use Of Ere And Reporter Gene Constructs To Assess Putative Estrogenic Activity.” Journal Of Medicinal Food, 2, 4-Mar (January 1999): 143-149. 10.1089/jmf.1999.2.143.
Gopalakrishna, R., Gundimeda, U., Fontana, J.A. & Clarke, R.. “Differential distribution and nuclear association of protein phosphatase 2A in human breast carcinoma cell lines and its relation to estrogen receptor status and tumor progression.” Cancer Letters, 136 (1999): 119-128.
Lavigne, M.C., Ramwell, P.W. & Clarke, R.. “Growth regulation and ultrastructural characterization of porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells.” In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology, 35 (1999): 136-143.
Thompson, E.W., Sung, V., Lavigne, M., Baumann, K., Azumi, N., Aaron, A.D. & Clarke, R.. “LCC-15- MB: a human breast cancer cell line from a femoral bone metastasis.” Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 17 (1999): 193-204.
Arteaga, C.L., Koli, K.M., Dugger, T.C. & Clarke, R.. “Reversal of tamoxifen resistance in human breast carcinoma cells in vivo with neutralizing antitransforming growth factor (TGF)-beta antibodies.” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 91 (1999): 46-53.
Plouzek, C.A., Morris, D.W., Clarke, R. & Yeh, G.C.. “Rosemary: a new P-glycoprotein reversal agent of chemotherapeutic drugs in drug-resistant human breast cancer cells.” European Journal of Cancer, 35 (1999): 1541-1545.
Lavigne, M.C., Ramwell, P.W. & Clarke, R. “The effects of estrogens and antiestrogens on the growth of porcine coronary artery smooth muscle cells.” Steroids, 64 (1999): 472-480.
Todd C. Skaar, Sarada C. Prasad, Sheri Sharareh, Marc E. Lippman, Nils Brünner And Robert Clarke. “Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis Analyses Identify Nucleophosmin As An Estrogen Regulated Protein Associated With Acquired Estrogen-independence In Human Breast Cancer Cells.” The Journal Of Steroid Biochemistry And Molecular Biology, 67, 6-May(December 1998): 391-402. 10.1016/S0960-0760(98)00142-3.
V. Sung, C. Gilles, A. Murray, R. Clarke, A.d. Aaron, N. Azumi And E.w. Thompson. “The Lcc15-mb Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Expresses Osteopontin And Exhibits An Invasive And Metastatic Phenotype.” Experimental Cell Research, 241, 2 (June 1998): 273-284. 10.1006/excr.1998.4029.
Brankin, B., Skaar, T.C., Trock, B., Berris, M. & Clarke, R.. “Autoantibodies to the nucleolar phosphoprotein nucleophosmin in breast cancer patients.” Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev, 7(1998): 1109-11165.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Cho, E. & Clarke, R.. “Maternal genistein exposure mimics the effects of estrogen on mammary gland development in female mouse offspring.” Oncology Reports, 5 (1998): 609-616.
Leena Hilakivi-Clarke And Robert Clarke. “Timing of dietary fat exposure and mammary tumorigenesis: role of estrogen receptor and protein kinase C activity.” Molecular And Cellular Biochemistry, 188, 2-Jan (1998): 12-May. 10.1023/A:1006827229431.
Robert Clarke. “Animal Models Of Breast Cancer: Experimental Design And Their Use In Nutrition And Psychosocial Research.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 46, 3-Feb(November 1997): 117-133. 10.1023/A:1005916627972.
Robert Clarke. “Issues In Experimental Design And Endpoint Analysis In The Study Of Experimental Cytotoxic Agents In Vivo In Breast Cancer And Other Models.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 46, 3-Feb (November 1997): 255-278. 10.1023/A:1005938428456.
B. J. Trock, F. Leonessa And R. Clarke. “Multidrug Resistance In Breast Cancer: A Meta-analysis Of Mdr1/gp170 Expression And Its Possible Functional Significance.” Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, 89, 13 (July 2, 1997): 917-931. 10.1093/jnci/89.13.917.
Jørgensen, L., Brünner, N., Spang-Thomsen, M., Clarke, R., Dombernowsky, P. & Svenstrup, B.. “A comparative study of steroid metabolism in the hormone dependent MCF-7 human breast carcinoma cell line and its two hormone resistant subpopulations MCF7/LCC1 and MCF7/LCC2.” Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 63 (1997): 275-281.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Clarke, R., Onojafe, I., Raygada, M., Cho, E. & Lippman, M.E.. “A high-fat diet during pregnancy increases mammary epithelial density and breast cancer risk among female rat offspring.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 94 (1997): 9372-9377.
Brünner, N., Boysen, B., Jirus, S., Skaar, T.C., Holst-Hansen, C., Lippman, J., Frandsen, T., Spang-Thomsen, M., Fuqua, S.A.W. & Clarke, R.. “MCF7/LCC9:antiestrogen resistant MCF-7 variant where acquired resistance to ICI 182,780 confers early crossresistance to Tamoxifen.” Cancer Research, 57 (1997): 3486-3493.
Trock, B., Leonessa, F. & Clarke, R. “Multidrug resistance in breast cancer: a meta-analysis of MDR1/gp170 expression and its possible functional significance.” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 89 (1997): 917-931. 10.1093/jnci/89.13.917.
Robert Clarke And Nils Brunner. “Acquired Estrogen Independence And Antiestrogen Resistance In Breast Cancer.” Trends In Endocrinology & Metabolism, 7, 8 (October 1996): 25-35.10.1016/S1043-2760(96)00127-0.
Robert Clarke. “Animal Models Of Breast Cancer: Their Diversity And Role In Biomedical Research.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 39, 1 (February 1996): 6-Jan.10.1007/BF01806073.
Robert Clarke. “Human Breast Cancer Cell Line Xenografts As Models Of Breast Cancer — The Immunobiologies Of Recipient Mice And The Characteristics Of Several Tumorigenic Cell Lines.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 39, 1 (February 1996): 69-86. 10.1007/BF01806079.
Robert Clarke, Todd Skaar, Fabio Leonessa, Brenda Brankin, Mattie James, Nils Brünner And Marc E. Lippman. “Acquisition Of An Antiestrogen-resistant Phenotype In Breast Cancer: Role Of Cellular And Molecular Mechanisms.” Drug Resistance, Cancer Treatment And Research (1996): 263-283. 10.1007/978-1-4613-1267-3_11.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Raygada, M., Cho, E., Clarke, R. & Lippman, M. E. “Breast cancer risk in rats fed a diet high in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids during pregnancy.” Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 88 (1996): 121-127.
Robert Clarke, Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Elizabeth Cho, Mattie R. James And Fabio Leonessa. “Estrogens, Phytoestrogens, And Breast Cancer.” Advances In Experimental Medicine And Biology (1996): 63-85. 10.1007/978-1-4613-0399-2_6.
Leonessa, F., Green, D., Licht, T., Wright, A., Wingate-Legette, K., Lippman, J., Gottesman, M.M. & Clarke, R. “MDA435/LCC6 and MDA435/LCC6MDR1: ascites models of human breast cancer.” British Journal of Cancer, 73 (1996): 154-161.
Bei, M., Lavigne, M.C., Foegh, M.L., Ramwell, P. & Clarke, R.. “Specific binding of oestradiol to rat coronary artery heart smooth muscle cells.” Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 58 (1996): 83-88.
Brünner, N., Johnson, M.D., Holst-Hansen, J.F., Kiilgaard, J.F., Thompson, E.W. & Clarke, R.. “Acquisition of estrogen independence and antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer: association with the invasive and metastatic phenotype.” Endocrine Related Cancer, 2 (1995): 27-36.
Clarke, R. & Brünner, N.. “Crossresistance and molecular mechanisms in antiestrogen resistance.” Endocrine-Related Cancer, 2 (1995): 59-72.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Cho, E., Raygada, M. Clarke, R. & Lippman, M.E.. “Early life affects the risk to develop breast cancer.” Annuals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 768 (1995): 327-330.
Kristensen, C.A., Kristjansen,P.E.G., Brünner, N., Clarke, R., Spang-Thomsen, M. and Quistorff, B. “Effect of estrogen withdrawal and prediction of estrogen dependence monitored by in vivo 31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy of four human breast cancer xenografts.” Cancer Research, 55 (1995): 1664-1669.
Ruiz-Cabello, J., Berghmans, K., Kaplan, O., Lippman, M.E., Clarke, R. & Cohen, J.S.. “Hormone dependence of breast cancer cells and the effects of tamoxifen and estrogen: 31P NMR studies.” Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 33 (1995): 209-217.
Peter Coopman, Marcel Garcia, Nils Brünner, Danielle Derocq, Robert Clarke And Henri Rochefort. “Anti-proliferative And Anti-estrogenic Effects Of Ici 164,384 And Ici 182,780 In 4-oh-tamoxifen-resistant Human Breast-cancer Cells.” International Journal Of Cancer, 56, 2 (January 15, 1994): 295-300. 10.1002/ijc.2910560225.
Clarke, R., Skaar, T., Baumann, K., Leonessa, F., James, M.R., Lippman, J., Thompson,E.W., Fr.eter, C. & rünner, N.. “Hormonal carcinogenesis in breast cancer: cellular and molecular studies of malignant progression.” Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 31 (1994): 237-248.
Zyad, A., Bernard, J., Clarke, R., Tursz, T., Brockhaus, M. & Chouaib, S. “Human breast cancer cross-resistance to TNF and adriamycin: relationship to MDR1, MnSOD and TNF gene expression.” Cancer Research, 54 (1994)
Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Robert Clarke And Marc E. Lippman. “Perinatal Factors Increase Breast Cancer Risk.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 31, 3-Feb (1994): 273-284.10.1007/BF00666160.
Leonessa, F., Jacobson, M., Boyle, B., Lippman, J., McGarvey, M. & Clarke, R.. “The effect of tamoxifen on the multidrug resistant phenotype in human breast cancer cells: isobologram, drug accumulation, and gp-170 binding studies.” Cancer Research, 54 (1994): 441-447.
Robert Clarke, Erik W. Thompson, Fabio Leonessa, Jeremy Lippman, Michael Mcgarvey, Thomas L. Frandsen And Nils Brünner. “Hormone Resistance, Invasiveness, And Metastatic Potential In Breast Cancer.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 24, 3 (October 1993): 227-239. 10.1007/BF01833263.
Erik W. Thompson, Nits Brunner, Jeffrey Torri, Michael D. Johnson, Viviane Boulay, Ann Wright, Marc E. Lippman, Patricia S. Steeg And Robert Clarke. “The Invasive And Metastatic Properties Of Hormone-independent But Hormone-responsive Variants Of Mcf-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells.” Clinical & Experimental Metastasis, 11, 1 (January 1993): 15-26.10.1007/BF00880062.
Brünner, N., Boulay, V., Fojo, A., Freter, C., Lippman, M.E. & Clarke, R.. “Acquisition of hormone-independent growth in MCF-7 cells is accompanied by increased expression of estrogen-regulated genes but without DNA amplifications.” Cancer Research, 53 (1993): 283-290.
Brünner, N., Frandsen, T.O., Holst-Hansen, C., Bei, M., Thompson, E.W., Wakeling, A.E., Lippman, M.E. & Clarke, R.. “MCF7/LCC2: A 4-hydroxytamoxifen resistant human breast cancer variant which retains sensitivity to the steroidal antiestrogen ICI 182,780.” Cancer Research, 53 (1993): 3229-3232.
Hilakivi-Clarke, L.A., Arora, P.K., Clarke, R., Wright, A. & Dickson, R.B.. “Opposite behavioral alterations in male and female transgenic TGF? mice: association with tumorigenesis.”British Journal of Cancer, 67 (1993): 1026-1030.
Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Julia Rowland, Robert Clarke And Marc E. Lippman. “Psychosocial Factors In The Development And Progression Of Breast Cancer.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 29, 2 (1993): 141-160. 10.1007/BF00665676.
Leena A. Hilakivi-clarke, Prince K. Arora, Mary-beth Sabol, Robert Clarke, Robert B. Dickson And Marc E. Lippman. “Alterations In Behavior, Steroid Hormones And Natural Killer Cell Activity In Male Transgenic Tgf? Mice.” Brain Research, 588, 1 (August 1992): 97-103. https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-8993(92)91348-I.
Erik W. Thompson, Soonmyoung Paik, Nils Brünner, Connie L. Sommers, Gerhard Zugmaier, Robert Clarke, Thomas B. Shima, Jeffrey Torri, Steven Donahue, Marc E. Lippman, George R. Martin And Robert B. Dickson. “Association Of Increased Basement Membrane Invasiveness With Absence Of Estrogen Receptor And Expression Of Vimentin In Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines.” Journal Of Cellular Physiology, 150, 3 (March 1992): 534-544. 10.1002/jcp.1041500314.
Laura Lehtola, Juha Partanen, Lea Sistonen, Jaana Korhonen, Anni Wärri, Pirkko Härkzönen, Robert Clarke And Kari Alitalo. “Analysis Of Tyrosine Kinase Mrnas Including Four Fgf Receptor Mrnas Expressed In Mcf-7 Breast-cancer Cells.” International Journal Of Cancer, 50, 4 (February 20, 1992): 598-603. 10.1002/ijc.2910500419.
Tetsu Yano, Edib Korkut, Jacek Pinski, Karoly Szepeshazi, Slobodan Milovanovic, Kate Groot, Robert Clarke, Ana Maria Comaru-schally And Andrew V. Schally. “Inhibition Of Growth Of Mcf-7 Miii Human Breast Carcinoma In Nude Mice By Treatment With Agonists Or Antagonists Of Lh-rh.” Breast Cancer Research And Treatment, 21, 1 (February 1992): 35-45.10.1007/BF01811962.
Robert Clarke, Robert B. Dickson And Marc E. Lippman. “Hormonal Aspects Of Breast Cancer: growth factors, drugs and stromal interactions.” Critical Reviews In Oncology/hematology, 12, 1 (January 1992): 23-Jan. 10.1016/1040-8428(92)90062-U.
Clarke R., Currier, S., Kaplan, O., Boulay, V., Gottesman, M. & Dickson, R.B.. “Effect of P- glycoprotein expression on sensitivity to hormones in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.”Journal of the National Cancer Institution (1992): 1506-1512.
N. Brunner, C. Moser, R. Clarke, & K. Cullen. “IGF-I and IGF-II expression in human breast cancer xenografts: relationship to hormone-independence.” Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 22 (1992): 39-45.
Alem Ghiorghis, Abdolhossen Talebian And Robert Clarke. “In Vitro Antineoplastic Activity Of C7-substituted Mitomycin C Analogues Mc-77 And Mc-62 Against Human Breast-cancer Cell Lines.” Cancer Chemotherapy And Pharmacology, 29, 4 (1992): 290-296. 10.1007/BF00685947.
Leonessa, F., Boulay, V., Wright, A., Thompson, E.W., Brünner, N., & Clarke, R. “The biology of breast tumor progression: acquisition of hormone-independence and resistance to cytotoxic drugs.” Acta Oncologia, 31 (1992): 115-123.
Clarke, R. & Dickson, R.B.. “The interactions among steroid hormones, steroid hormone receptors, antiestrogens, biological response modifiers and cytotoxic drugs in human breast cancer.” Bristol-Myers Squibb Cancer Symposium, 13 (1991): 223-253.
Kaplan, O., Jaroszewski, J.W., Clarke, R., Fairchild, C.R., Schoenlein, P., Goldenberg, S., Gottesman, M.M. & Cohen, J.. “The multi-drug resistance phenotype: 31P NMR characterization and 2-deoxyglucose toxicity.” Cancer Research, 51 (1991): 1638-1644.
R. Clarke, H. W. Van Den Berg And R. F. Murphy. “Tamoxifen And 17beta-estradiol reduce Of The Membrane Fluidity Of Human Breast Cancer Cells.” Journal Of The National Cancer Institute, 82, 21 (November 7, 1990): 1702-1705. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/82.21.1702.
Clarke, R., Lippman, M.E. & Dickson, R.B.. “Mechanism of hormone and cytotoxic drug interactions in the development and treatment of breast cancer.” Progress in Clinical and Biological Research, 322 (1990): 243- 278.
Clarke, R., Dickson, R.B. & Brünner, N.. “The process of malignant progression in human breast cancer.” Annals of Oncology, 1 (1990): 401-407.
R Clarke And H W Van Der Berg. “Adverse Interactions Between Cytotoxic Drugs And Hormonal Agents In Human Breast Cancer Cells.” Journal Of Clinical Oncology, 7, 10 (October 1989): 1580-1582. 10.1200/JCO.1989.7.10.1580.
Robert Clarke, Nils Brünner, Deborah Katz, Peter Glanz, Robert B. Dickson, Marc E. Lippman And Francis G. Kern. “The Effects Of A Constitutive Production Of TGF-? On The Growth Of Mcf-7 Human Breast Cancer Cells in Vitro and in Vivo.” Molecular Endocrinology, 3, 2 (February 1989): 372-380. 10.1210/mend-3-2-372.
Clarke, R., Brünner, N., Katzenellenbogen, B.S., Thompson E.W., Norman, M.J., Koppi, C., Paik, S., Lippman, M.E. & Dickson, R.B.. “Progression from hormone dependent to hormone independent growth in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 86 (1989): 3649-3653.
Erik W. Thompson, Mary Beth Martin, Miguel Saceda, Robert Clarke, Nils Brunner, Marc E. Lippman And Robert B. Dickson. “Regulation Of Breast Cancer Cells By Hormones And Growth Factors: Effects On Proliferation And Basement Membrane Invasiveness.” Hormone Research, 32, 1 (1989): 242-249. 10.1159/000181356.
Cullen, K.J., Yee, D., Bates, S.E., Brünner, N., Clarke, R., Dickson, R.B., Huff, K.K., Paik, S., Rosen, N., Valverius, E., Zugmaier, G. & Lippman, M.E.. “Regulation of human breast cancer by secreted growth factors.” Acta Oncologica, 28 (1989): 835-839.
Brünner, N., Zugmaier, G., Bano, M., Ennis, B.W., Clarke, R., Cullen, K.J., Kern, F.G., Dickson, R.B. & Lippman, M.E.. “Role of secreted polypeptides in growth regulation of breast cancer.” Cancer Cells, 1 (1989): 81-86.
Clarke, R., Brünner, N., Thompson, E.W., Glanz, P., Katz, D., Dickson, R.B. & Lippman, M.E.. “The inter-relationships between ovarian-independent growth, antioestrogen resistance and invasiveness in the malignant progression of human breast cancer.” Journal of Endocrinology, 122 (1989): 331- 340.
Kyou-hoon Han, James A. Ferretti, Chien-hua Niu, Vinatu Lokeshwar, Robert Clarke And Deborah Katz. “Conformational And Receptor Binding Properties Of Human Egf And Tgf-? Second Loop Fragments.” Journal Of Molecular Recognition, 1, 3 (June 1988): 116-123. 10.1002/jmr.300010304.
Dickson, R.B., Bates, S.E., Valverius, E., Knabbe, C., Salomon., D., Huff, K.K., Bronzert, D., Walker-Jones, D., Freter, C., Favoni, R., Yee, D., Zugmaier, G., Ennis, B., Clarke, R., Kern, F., Rosen, N. & Lippman M.E. “Estrogen and antiestrogen regulation of mitogenic growth factors in human breast cancer cells.” Program of Cancer Research Therapy, 35 (1988): 217-222.
Nelson, J., Clarke, R., McFerran, N.V. & Murphy, R.F.. “Morphofunctional effects of phenol red on oestrogen sensitive human breast cancer cells.” Biochemical Society Transactions, 15(1987): 244-245.
Clarke, R., van den Berg, H.W., Nelson, J. & Murphy, R.F.. “Pharmacological and suprapharmacological concentrations of both 17?-estradiol and tamoxifen reduce the membrane fluidity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-436 human breast cancer cells.” Biochemical Society Transactions, 15 (1987): 243-244.
van den Berg, H.W., Leahey, W.J., Lynch, M., Clarke, R. & Nelson, J.. “Recombinant human interferon alpha increases oestrogen receptor expression in human breast cancer cells (ZR- 75-1) and sensitises them to the anti-proliferative effects of Tamoxifen.” British Journal of Cancer, 55 (1987): 255- 257.
Clarke, R., van den Berg, H.W. & Murphy, R.F.. “The ability of oestrogen to modulate the effects of cytotoxic drugs in human breast cancer cells; influence of oestrogen receptor (ER) status and choice of drug.” Biochemical Society Transactions, 15 (1987): 242-243.
Cremin, M. Clarke, R., Nelson, J. & Murphy, R.F.. “The response of human breast cancer cells to glucagon.” Biochemical Society Transactions, 15 (1987): 241-242.
John Nelson, Robert Clarke And Richard F. Murphy. “The Unoccupied Estrogen Receptor: Some Comments On Localization.” Steroids, 48, 2-Jan (July 1986): 121-124.https://doi.org/10.1016/0039-128X(86)90046-2.
Robert Clarke, Janet Morwood, John Nelson, Hendrik W. Van Den Berg And Richard F. Murphy. “The Influence Of Vincristine On The Oestrogen-binding Capacity Of Two Human Breast Cancer Cell Linesin Vitro.” Biochemical Society Transactions, 14, 2 (April 1986): 449-450. 10.1042/bst0140449.
Kennedy, D.G., van den Berg, H.W., Clarke, R. & Murphy, R.F.. “Enhancement of the sensitivity of MDA-MB-436 human breast cancer cell line to methotrexate by dipyridamole..”Biochemical Pharmacology (1986): 3053-3056.
Clarke, R., Morwood, J., van den Berg, H.W., Nelson, J. & Murphy, R.F.. “The effect of cytotoxic drugs on estrogen receptor expression and response to Tamoxifen in MCF-7 cells.”Cancer Research, 46 (1986): 6116-6119.
Nelson, J., Clarke, R., Dickson, G.R., van den Berg, H.W. & Murphy, R.F.. “The effects of Mg++ ions on nuclear integrity and apparent subcellular distribution of unoccupied oestrogen receptor in breast cancer cells.” Journal of Steroid Biochemistry, 25 (1986): 619-626.
Nelson, J., Clarke, R., Dickson, G.R., van den Berg, H.W. & Murphy, R.F.. “The effects of Mg++ or EDTA on the subcellular distribution of unoccupied estrogen receptor in ZR-75-1 and MCF- 7 cells.” Biochem Soc Trans, 14 (1986): 447.
D.g. Kennedy, H.w. Van Den Berg, R. Clarke And R.f. Murphy. “The Effect Of The Rate Of Cell Proliferation On The Synthesis Of Methotrexate Poly-?-glutamates In Two Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines.” Biochemical Pharmacology, 34, 17 (September 1985): 3087-3090. 10.1016/0006-2952(85)90151-0.
R Clarke, H W Van Den Berg, D G Kennedy And R F Murphy. “Oestrogen Receptor Status And The Response Of Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines To A Combination Of Methotrexate And 17-beta Oestradiol.” British Journal Of Cancer, 51, 3 (March 1985): 365-369. 10.1038/bjc.1985.48.
Kennedy, D.G., van den Berg, H.W., Clarke, R. & Murphy, R.F.. “The effect of leucovorin on the synthesis of methotrexate poly-?-glutamates in the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line.”Biochemical Pharmacology, 34 (1985): 2897-2903.
R. Clarke, H.w. Van Den Berg, D.g. Kennedy And R.f. Murphy. “Reduction Of The Anti-metabolic And Anti-proliferative Effects Of Methotrexate By 17?-oestradiol In A Human Breast Carcinoma Cell Line, Mda-mb-436.” European Journal Of Cancer And Clinical Oncology, 19, 1 (January 1983): 19-24. 10.1016/0277-5379(83)90391-7.
D.g. Kennedy, R. Clarke, H.w. Van Den Berg And R.f. Murphy. “The Kinetics Of Methotrexate Polyglutamate Formation And Efflux In A Human Breast Cancer Cell Line (mda.mb.436): The Effect Of Insulin.” Biochemical Pharmacology, 32, 1 (January 1983): 41-46. 10.1016/0006-2952(83)90649-4.
Van den Berg, H.W., Clarke, R. & Murphy, R.F.. “Failure of 5-fluorouracil and methotrexate to destroy the reproductive integrity of a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) growing in vitro.” European Journal of Cancer, 17 (1981): 1275-1281.

Articles/Chapters in Books

Robert Clarke. “Introduction: Cancer Gene Networks.” Methods In Molecular Biology, Cancer Gene Networks, edited by Usha Kasid, Robert Clarke, 9-Jan. Springer, 2017.
Clarke, R., Crook, E. & Federoff, H.J. “Chapter 14: The changing spectrum of biomedical and clinical research.” The Transformation of Academic Health Centers, edited by Wartman, S.A., 137-148. Academic Press,, 2015.
Kristopher S. Raghavan, Robert Clarke And Ayesha N. Shajahan-haq. “Integrating Proteotoxic Stress Response Pathways For Induction Of Cell Death In Cancer Cells: Molecular Mechanisms And Therapeutic Opportunities.” Stress Response Pathways In Cancer, edited by Wondrak, G.T., 183-202. Springer Netherlands, 2015.
Schwartz-Roberts, J.L. & Clarke, R. “Blockage of liposomal degradation is detrimental to cancer cells: role of autophagy activation.” Autophagy, Vol 2, edited by Hayat, M.A., Elsevier Inc., 2013.
Zhang, B., Li, H., Clarke, R. & Wang, Y. “Differential dependency network analysis to identify topological rewiring in biological networks.” Medical Biostatistics for Complex Diseases, edited by Emmert-Streib, F. & Dehmer, M., 185-203. Berlin: Wiley-VCH, 2010.
Deb, T.B., Ramlijak, D., Dickson, R.B., Johnson, M.D. & Clarke, R. “Signaling pathways in the normal and neoplastic breast..” Handbook of Cell Signaling, edited by Thompson, B.E., New York, NY: Elsevier, Inc., 2009.
Shajahan, A.N., Riggins, R.B. & Clarke, R. “Apoptosis, cell death and breast cancer.” Breast cancer: prognosis, treatment, and prevention, edited by Pasqualini, J.R., 137-156. New York, NY: Informa Healthcare, 2008.
Robert Clarke And Robert Dickson. “Animal Models Of Endocrine-responsive And -unresponsive Breast Cancers.” Endocrine Management Of Breast Cancer, edited by Robertson, J.F.R., Nicholson, R.I. & Hayes, D.F., Martin Dunitz,, 191-208. London: CRC Press, 2002.
Clarke, R. “Human breast cancer xenografts as models of the human disease.” Tumor Models in Cancer Research, edited by Teicher, B.A., 453-470. Humana Press, Inc., 2002.
Clarke, R. & Johnson, M.D. “Chapter 22: Animal models.” Diseases of the Breast 2nd Edition, edited by Harris, J.R., Lippman, M.E., Morrow, M., Hellman, S., 319-333. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., 2000.
R. Clarke, F. Leonessa, N. Brunner, & E.W. Thompson. “Chapter 23: Invitro models.” Diseases of the Breast 2nd edition, edited by J.R. Harris, M.E. Lippman, M. Morrow, S. Hellman, 335-354. Philadelphia, PA: J.B. Lippincott Co., 2000.
Leena Hilakivi-clarke, Bruce Trock And Robert Clarke. “The Estrogenicity Of Selected Nutrients, Phytochemicals, Pesticides, And Pollutants.” Breast Cancer, Molecular Genetics, Pathogenesis and Therapeutics, edited by A. Bowcock, 537-567. Humana Press, 1999.
Clarke, R. & Dickson, R.B. “Animal models of tumor onset, growth and metastasis.” Encyclopedia of Cancer: Volume I, edited by Bertino, J.R., 21-Oct. San Diego: Academic Press, 1997.
Clarke, R.. “Animal models of breast cancer.” Diseases of the Breast, edited by Harris, J.R., Lippman, M.E., Morrow, M., Hellman, S., 235- 244. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Co., 1996.
Clarke, R., Leonessa F., Brünner, N. & Thompson, E.W.. “In vitro models of breast cancer.” Diseases of the Breast, edited by Harris, J.R., Lippman, M.E., Morrow, M., Hellman, S., 245-261. J. B. Lippincott Co., 1996.
Robert Clarke And Marc E. Lippman. “Mechanisms Of Resistance To Antiestrogens And Their Implications For Crossresistance.” Tamoxifen, edited by Robert Clarke And Marc E. Lippman, 93-122. Birkhäuser Boston, 1996.
Dickson, R.B. & Clarke, R. “Breast Cancer: new biological approaches to treatment.” Molecular Endocrinology of Cancer, edited by Waxman, J., 271-303. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press,, 1995.
Clarke, R. and Leonessa, F. “Cytotoxic drugs and hormones in breast cancer: interactions at the cellular level.” Drug and Hormonal Resistance in Breast Cancer, edited by Lippman, M.E. and Dickson, R.B., 407-432. New York: Ellis Horwood, Inc., 1994.
Clarke, R. & Lippman, M.E. “The acquisition of antiestrogen resistance in breast cancer.” Drug Resistance in Oncology, edited by Teicher, B.A., 501-536. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1993.
Farhat, M., Abi-Younes, S., Vargas, R., Wolfe, R.M., Clarke, R., & Ramwell, P.W. “Vascular non-genomic effects of estrogen.” Sex Steroids and the Cardiovascular System, edited by Ramwell, P.W., Rubanyi, G. & Schillinger, 145-159. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1992.
Clarke, R., Dickson, R.B. & Lippman, M.E. “The role of steroid hormones and growth factors in the control of normal and malignant breast.” Structure and Function of Nuclear Hormone Receptors, edited by Parker, M.G., 297-319. Academic Press Ltd., 1991.
Brünner, N., Clarke, R., Lippman, M.E. & Dickson, R.B. “Models for studying the progression from hormone-dependence to independency in human breast cancer.” Growth Regulation of Cancer II, edited by Lippman, M.E. & Dickson, R.B. Publisher: Alan R., 115-126. Alan R. Liss Inc, 1990.
Brünner, N., Poulsen, H.S., Clarke, R. & Spang-Thomsen. M. “Effect of oophorectomy (Ovax) on estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PGR) concentration in an ovarian dependent and an ovarian independent ER and PGR positive human breast cancer grown in nude mice.” Immune-Deficient Animals in Experimental Medicine, edited by Wu, B. & Zheng, J., 196-201. Karger pp, 1989.
Clarke, R., Lippman, M., Dickson, R.B. & Brünner, N. “In vivo\in vitro selection of hormone independent cells from the hormone dependent MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line.”Immune-Deficient Animals in Experimental Medicine, edited by Wu, B. & Zheng, J., 190-195. Karger pp, 1989.

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